果树花芽分化机理研究进展

Advances in Reaserch on the Mechanism of Flower-bud Differentiation of F ruit Trees

综合有关文献概述了果树花芽分化机理研究的主要进展,包括果树花芽分化与激素、多胺、核酸、激素信号和分子遗传学等方面。近年来,随着研究手段的不断进步和研究水平的提高,人们逐渐弄清了果树花芽分化的概念及其分化期间的重要生理生化变化以及外界因素调控的机制,认为旺盛营养生长的梢尖或正在发育果实的种子产生的极性运输的生长素可能是扼制果树花芽发端的信号,营养芽中高水平的细胞分裂素促进花芽发端。而果树花芽分化的分子机理研究还刚刚起步。

Based on the literature published in the world,the ad va nces of research on the mechanism of flower-bud differ-entiation of fruit tree s,covering the relationship between flower-bud differentiation and hormones, polyamines,nucleic acids,hormonal signals and molecular genetics,and also the recent advances in the conception of flower-bud differentia-tion,effects of environmental factors on flower-bud induction,and physiological changes durin g flower-bud differentiation are reviewed.From the literatures cited and the a utours' research,it seems that the auxins in the seeds of the developing young fruit or the vigorously growing shoot tips could be an inhibiting signal for flo wer-bud initiation;while the high concen-tration of cytokinins in the vegetat ive buds could promote the flower bud differentiation.