植物苯丙氨酸解氨酶基因的表达调控与研究展望

Regulation and Expression of the PAL in Plant and Its Outlook

苯丙氨酸解氨酶(phenylalanineammonia-lyase,PAL,EC4.3.1.5)是催化苯丙烷代谢途径第一步反应的酶,也是这个途径的关键酶,对植物有非常重要的生理意义。根据有关文献综述了植物PAL的分布与定位、酶学性质,总结了生长发育、钝化因子与调节因子、末端产物等内部因素及光、温、机械损伤与生长调节剂等外部因素对PAL的调控作用,得出外部因子是在转录水平上对酶活性实施调控的结论,并运用酶学和分子生物学方面的知识阐述了其调控机理。还着重阐述了PAL酶在果树上的研究现状与进展,并对其今后的研究及在果树上的应用进行了展望。

Phenylal an ine ammonia-lyase(PAL,EC4.3.1.5),a key enzyme of plant secondary me tabolism,catalyzed the first reaction in the biosynthesis from L-phenylalanine to a wide variety of natural products based on the phenylpropane skeleton.It h as great influence on plant physiological function.The distribution,orientati on and basic characters of PAL in plants are reviewed.The regulating effects of inner factors such as growth and development ,and PAL-inhibitor(PAL-I)and PAL-in-hibitor-regulation(PAL-IR),and end products,and outer factors suc h as light ,temperature,and mechanical hurt,and growth regulators on PAL are also summarized.The outer factor regulation to PAL rests on transcriptional lev el.The mecha-nisms of regulation to PAL are concluded with the help of the kno wledge of enzymology and molecular biology.The progresses of the research on PA L in fruit trees are especially emphasized in this paper,and the outlook of res earch and application on PAL in fruit trees is also indicated.