氯酸钾对龙眼催花技术的研究进展

Advances in Research of Inducing Longan Flowering by Potassium Chlo-rate A pplication

根据有关文献综述了国内外龙眼(Dimocarpuslongana)使用氯酸钾进行催花这一新技术的研究进展,概述了龙眼使用氯酸钾催花的关键技术:施用的方法、施用量、施用时期等。对氯酸钾的催花进程和催花效果列表陈述,认为氯酸钾用于龙眼的“正造”催花,效果较稳定;用于“反季节”催花,效果不稳定。对影响氯酸钾催花效果的一些因素:品种差异、地域的差别、气候条件、土壤质地以及树体的管理水平进行概述。对一些有争论的关键措施:使用氯酸钾后是否需要控梢?抽花穗后是否需要控“冲梢”进行探讨。指出使用氯酸钾催花在生产上存在的一些问题,并对今后研究氯酸钾催花技术提出一些建议。

This paper reviews the advances i n the research of longan flower induction by potassium chlorate application,a new ly developed technique in longan production.The key practices,including method used,dosage and time of application are summarized.The effects of potassium chlorate on flowering and the subsequent processes are listed.The effect of po tassi-um chlorate application is relatively stable in on-season flower inducti on,whereas it is unstable in off-season flower induc-tion.The influence of f actors,including cultivars,regions,weather,soil textures and tree management are reviewed.In ad-dition,the necessity of some important but disputant practices such as control of winter flush and prevention of leafing-on-panicl e after potassium chlorate application are discussed.Problems and suggestions i n using potassium chlorate to induce longan flowering are herein pointed out.