狼尾草新品种选育的研究

STUDY ON BREEDING OF NEW PENNISETUM STRAINS

摘要本研究引进的美洲狼尾草与象草的三个杂交组合,从理论上说是不能结实的,但其中二个组合(23A×N51、23A×N67)却意外地抽穗结了实,并在以后的世代中产生众多的分离和变异类型。本研究在此基础上,进行了新品种选育工作。1.经过6～7年选育,一些选系植株表型基本稳定,并具一定优势,同时具有一定的种子产量。选系的鲜草产量高于美洲狼尾草及生产上常用的苏丹草,但较杂交种F_1无性繁殖苗为低。2.生育期大体可分为120天左右的中早熟型及为150天的晚熟型.3.减数分裂时染色体行为及酯酶同工酶分析表明:选系与父、母本及杂交种F_1均不同。4.提出了进行品种杂交的方法及途径。

ABSTRACT Among three F_1 seeds of Pennisetum americanum× P. purpureum (23A× N23, 23A× N51, 23A× N67) introduced and planted in Nanjing in 1981, two of them (23A× N51, 23A× N67) dramatically produced F_2 seeds and sharp segregation appeared in their offspring. Desirable strains were selected in the segregation population to develop new varieties. 1. Phenotype and seed production of the strains are basically stable via 6—7 progenies selecting; Fresh matter production of the strains were higher than that of pearl millet and sudangrass which is widely extended, but lower. than that of pennisetum hybrid propagated vegetatively from F_l plants. 2. The strains obtained have early or middle maturity with about 120 day growt period and late one with about 150 day growing duration 3. Genetic and esterase isozyme ana-lyses indicated that the strains differ from their parents and triploid F_1 hybrid. and 4. The breeding methods crossing between different genotype pearl millets are suggested in this thesis.