试论国家课程的作用与特点——以英格兰国家课程为例

On the Role and Position of National Curriculum:Taking the National Curriculum in England of UK as an Example

英格兰正在实施的新国家课程力求对国家课程自开始之日起就纠缠不清的几个问题进行梳理和明确 ,以使教育适应 2 1世纪对自身提出的挑战。它给予我国正在进行的新一轮基础教育课程改革的启示在于 :1.国家课程要想取得成功 ,必须使学校既能从长计议 ,形成和提升学生恒久性的价值观念 ,又能对现实中出现的经济和社会变迁积极应对 ;2 .新的国家课程在形成过程中应有教师的高度参与 ,教师须持有清晰的课程理念 ;3.

The newly revised National Curriculum in UK has gone through a longw ay.It has effectively dealt with several severe problems which had made confusio ns in the previous versions and practice of National Curriculum.In this paper,th e author gives an review of the development path of the National Curriculum,and also gives an detailed introduction of the values, purposes,characteristics and framework of the National Curriculum in UK. What lessons can we learn from the U K National Curriculum? And what are essential for the success of a National Curr iculum?The conclusions are:Being an important element of the school curriculum,t he National Curriculum must enable students to respond positively to the opportu nities and challenges of the rapidly changing world in which we live and work.Th us,the National Curriculum should aim to provide opportunities for all students to learn and to achieve,and should also aim to promote studentsspiritual,moral,s ocial and cultural development and prepare all students for the opportunities,re sponsibilities and experiences of life.Besides,the following solid things are al so very important for a successful National Curriculum:the teachers involvement and recognition throughout the whole process of the development of the National Curriculum;a clear rationale and framework;emphasis on the importance of teacher s professional judgment;and the introduction of cross-curriculum themes.