数种蜱类哈氏器感器的电生理反应

ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF SENSORY RECEPTORS IN HALLER'S ORGAN OF SOME TICKS

本实验用电生理方法研究了中华革蜱(Dermacentor sinicus)、森林革蜱(Derraacentor silvarum),和日本血蜱(Haemaphysalis japonica)成虫对不同化学刺激物(氨、冰醋酸、二氧化碳)和性信息素的成分(2,6-二氯酚、对-甲酚、苯酚和水杨醛),以及对温度变化和机械刺激的反应。从哈氏器感觉毛基部记录到的神经传人冲动用信号处理机进行脉冲密度分析,结果表明:(1)哈氏器上不同部位的感觉毛对各种刺激的敏感性不同;(2)蜱的嗅觉反应神经传入冲动有连续性和间歇性两种类型,并且有慢适宜的特点;(3)性信息素的成分中,2,6-二氯酚刺激引起的反应最强,是它的主要成分;(4)在一定浓度范围内,随着刺激物浓度加大反应增强;(5)吸血五天以后的雄蜱对氨的反应减弱,而对2,6-二氨酚的反成增强,吸血七天后反应最强;(6)两种革蜱对各种刺激反应的区别不大。

The electrophysiological responses of the olfactory and other sensory receptors in the Haller's organs of Dermacemor sinicus, D. silvarum and Haemaphysalts japonica to some chemical stimulants, thermal change and mechanical stimulus were studied according to the technique of Chow (1974). The chemical stimulants consisted of NH3, CH3COOH, CO2, 2,6-dich-lorophenol, p-cresol, phenol and salicylaldehyde. The impulses or response were recorded from the bases of different sensilla in the Haller's organs and analyzed with a computer(7T-17 signal process). The results showed that: 1. the sensitivities of sensilla situated in different position in the Haller's organs were different toward dif ferent stimuli. 2. Two types of impules from olfactory receptors were discernible as successive and phasic, and slow adaptation could occur. 3. 2,6-dichlorophenol, the main component of the sex pneromone, exhibited the strongest stimulating effect. 4. Within certain range the responses to various odors were correlated with the concentration. 5. The response of male ticks on the fifth day after feeding became weaker toward NHs, but stronger toward sex pheromone; and on the 7th day after feeding the receptors became more sensitive toward 2,6-dichlorophenol. 6. The responses of the sensory receptors of the two species of Dermacemor showed no distinctive difference.