中国资源昆虫应用研究进展简介

BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF THE ADVANCE ON APPLIED RESEARCH OF RESOURCE INSECTS IN CHINA

中国资源昆虫丰富,它们在农林生产、国际贸易和人类保健方面,都起有重要作用。天敌昆虫和传粉昆虫广布于农林作物存在的各个角落,对抑制害虫发生和为农林作物授粉等所获经济效益是巨大的,我国生物防治水平已进入世界先进行列。昆虫产的某些商品,在国际贸易中占有重要地位,例如蚕茧生产量占世界总产量的60％以上,生丝出口约占国际贸易额的90％;蜂蜜和王浆的出口量均居世界第一位;五倍子、虫白蜡的总产量和国际贸易额也均居世界第一。

Recently, Chinese scientists and technicians achieved an advanceof the applied research on resource insects.By means of a kind of detoxicate drug, honeybee could feed the nector ofCamellia olifera without any food poisoning, it was not only benefit for the pol-lination, but also increasing the output of seeds doubly. Utilization of honeybeeinstead of artificial pollination for pollinating the reserve seed for planting of vegetable and watermelon could save a large of labours. Several wild mason beeswere used for the pollination of apples and apricots flowers, the quality and qu-antity of fruits were improved obviously.In the high mountain producing area of Chinese Insect-herb in Yunnan Pro-vince, the life cycle data of 4 species of ghost moth (Hepialus spp.) and the dataof their dynamics affected by weather, food, soil etc. have obtained. The ghostmoth Hepialus oblifurcus raised in successive breeding in laboratory in the low-lying land of Hangzhou. Several diseases such as rheumarthritis etc. were undertreatment by means of the bee venom and ants widespread.According to the eco-biological studies of the wax insect (Ericerus pels) theoptimum insect and wax producing area were defined. The products of the Chi-nese gallnut were improved distinctly because of the comprehensive study of theaphids and its summer and winter host-plants. The producing area of lac insectLaccifer lacca enlarged four times. Artificial rear of Japanese oak silkwormAntheraea yamamai meet with success in Hangzhou.The number and distribution of the following valuable or rare species of bu-tterflies such as Tinopalpus aureus, Agehana elwesi, Bhutanitis mansfieldi, Lue-hdorfia chinensis and Parnassius apollo were better understand,The advance of the protection and utilization of natural enemies were alsointroduced briefly.