紫胶蚧7种寄主植物“树皮”比较解剖与寄生特性研究

Study on Comparative Anatomy of Bark of Seven Host Tree Species of Kerria lacca (Kerr.) and Its Parasitic Characteristics

不同寄主植物"树皮"从外向内皆由周皮、皮层、次生韧皮部构成,但是在每层结构中,不同寄主之间存在一定的差异。大叶千斤拔的周皮最薄,光叶合欢的皮层最薄。在栾树和苏门答腊金合欢的周皮中,局部地方木栓层显著加厚,滇刺枣的木栓层角质化呈点状分布。滇刺枣石细胞纤维层最厚,共有4层,聚果榕、苏门答腊金合欢的皮层中未见连续的石细胞纤维层。苏门答腊金合欢的韧皮部最薄,聚果榕的韧皮部最厚,栾树周皮到次生韧皮部的最小距离最短,苏门答腊金合欢到韧皮部的最大距离最短。苏门答腊金合欢筛管在单位面积的分布密度最大。在筛分子具功能区,大叶千斤拔、栾树、滇刺枣射线为单列,偶有多列;聚果榕、光叶合欢、久树射线单列、双列、多列并存;苏门答腊金合欢射线为多列。文中还从寄主植物的韧皮部厚度、节管密度等解剖特征研究了不同寄主树对紫胶蚧的固虫密度和死亡的影响。

The barks of seven host tree species of Kerria lacca were observed. The results were as follows: All host tree species consist of periderm, cortex and secondary phloem, but in different layer, the structure of different host tree species had difference. The periderm of Flemingis macrophylla was the thinnest among seven host tree species, and the cortex of Albizia lucidior was the thinnest. In periderm of Koelreuteria paniculata and Acacia montana, the phellem was remarkably thick in certain places, and phellem of Zizyphus mauritiana had keratinaziation distributing as dots. The layer of sclereids and fibres of Zizyphus mauritiana was the thickest with four layers, but there were not continuous layers of sclereids and fibres in Ficus racemosa and Acacia montana. Acacia montana had the thinnest phloem, Ficus racemosa had the thickest phloem. Koelreuteria paniculata had the shortest mindistance between periderm and phloem, and Acacia montana had the shortest maxdistance between periderm and phloem. Acacia montana had the smallest sieve tube density. In the area of sieve tubes with function, Flemingis macrophylla,Koelreuteria paniculata,Zizyphus mauritiana had simple column ray, seldom had several column of rays, Schleichera oleosa, Ficus racemosa, Albizia lucidior each had simple column ray, double column rays and several column of rays, Albizia lucidior.only had several column of rays.By analyzing the anatomic characteristics of phloem thickness,sieve density of host tree,the effects of different host tree species on the adhesion density and mortality of K.lacca were studied.