高血压病患者肺通气功能和弥散功能的变化

The changes of pulmonary ventilation function and diffusing function in patients with essential hypertension

目的 探讨不同分级、危险度分层的原发性高血压病 (essential hypertension,EH )患者的肺功能改变及其临床意义。方法 对 6 7例未经正规治疗的 EH患者和 6 3例血压正常者的肺通气功能 (用力肺活量 FVC、第一秒用力呼气量FEV1 、最大呼气中段流量 MMEF、最大通气量 MVV)和弥散功能 (肺一氧化碳弥散量 DLCOSB)进行前瞻性单盲对照研究。结果 (1) EH组 FVC、FEV1 、MMEF、MVV、DLCOSB与正常对照组比较差异有显著性 (P<0 .0 0 1)。(2 ) 2、3级 EH患者肺功能较 1级 EH患者肺功能降低 ,两者在 FVC、FEV1 的差异有非常的显著性 (P<0 .0 0 1) ,而在 MMEF、MVV、DLCOSB的差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5 )。(3)与低危组相比 ,中危组 EH患者的各项肺功能指标都有所降低 ,但其中仅 FEV1的差异具有显著性 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;高危 /极高危组 EH患者的肺功能皆降低 ,其中 FVC、FEV1 、MMEF的差异具有显著性(P<0 .0 2～ 0 .0 0 1) ,而 MVV、DLCOSB的差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5 )。 (4)与中危组相比 ,高危极高危组 EH患者肺功能降低 ,其中 FVC、FEV1 的差异具有显著性 (P<0 .0 0 1) ,而 MMEF、MVV、DLCOSB的差异不具有显著性 (P>0 .0 5 )。结论 EH患者肺通气功能和弥散功能减低 。

Objectives To investigate the changes of pulmonary ventilation function and diffusing function in essential hypertension(EH) and to explore if the pulmonary function will change with the aggravation of the grade level and risk degree of EH. Methods The characteristics of pulmonary ventilation function(FVC,FEV 1,MMEF,MVV ) and diffusing function( DL COSB) in 67 cases of untreated EH and 63 normotensives were examined with a blind and prospective study. Results (1) The results showed a significantly decrease in parameters on pulmonary function in patients with EH than that in normotensives. (2) pulmonary functions were lower in 2 and 3 grade EH patients than that in 1 grade EH patients. (3) Pulmonary functions were lower in moderate risk group and in high risk and very high risk group compared with the mild risk group. (4) Pulmonary functions were lower in high risk and very high risk group compared with the moderate risk group. Conclusions pulmonary ventilation function and diffusing function in patients with EH were damaged. With the aggravation of the grade level and risk degree of EH, pulmonary function showed a declining tendency.