无土栽培中有机型基质肥料管理比较试验

A COMPARISON EXPERIMENT OF ORGANIC MANURE AND FERTILIZER IN ORGANIC SOILLESS CULTURE

试验采用复合基质1、复合基质2和苇末基质,并在各基质中施不同配比的有机肥与化肥作基肥,种植番茄与黄瓜。在种植过程中定期追施少量的有机肥与化肥,探讨在这三种基质中施用的不同配比有机肥与化肥对番茄与黄瓜产量的影响。结果表明,在苇末基质中施用全有机肥栽培的番茄与黄瓜产量最低,在复合基质1与复合基质2中施用全有机肥,可以使番茄的产量达到有机肥与无机肥配合施用的效果。在三种基质中施用全有机肥栽培的黄瓜产量比有机肥与无机肥配合施用的低。说明用复合基质1和复合基质2栽培番茄时可以采用全有机肥,而用三种基质栽培黄瓜时均需添加25％-50％的化肥(以氮肥为准)以保证高产,二者均符合绿色食品施肥准则。

An experiment was conducted to study the effects of three kinds of medium, compound substrate 1, compound substrate 2 and reed which were mixed up with different compound ratio of organic and chemical fertilizers on the yields of tomato and cucumber. The results showed that the lowest yield of tomato and cucumber was recorded in plots treated with organic fertilizer alone in reed medium. However,plants from plots treated with the same organic fertilizer alone in compound substrate 1 and compound substrate 2 produced similar yields to the treatment with compound fertilizer of organic and chemical fertilizer. In cucumber the lower yield was obtained from the plot treated with organic fertilizer alone in the three mediums than the complexes of organic and chemical fertilizer. It could produce high yield with organic fertilizer applied alone at tomato planting in compound substrate 1 and compound substrate 2, but in cucumber planted in the three kinds of substrate to guarantee the high yield need to adding fertilizer of 25% -50% (according to the content of nitrogen). Two all matched the green food applying fertilizer standard.