汽车主动悬挂系统的次优控制及仿真

Sub-optimal Control and Simulation on Automobile Active Suspension Systems

建立了被动悬挂、主动悬挂的数学模型。在最优控制的基础上,采用最小范数法,详细研究了随机次优控制策略及其控制器的设计方法。结合工程应用背景,对于实际的车辆悬挂系统,通过对受控变量的分析,分别设计了3个、2个及1个受控变量的次优控制器,并进行了计算机仿真。研究结果表明,主动悬挂在改善车辆的平顺性和稳定性上要优于被动悬挂;选择适当的受控变量,次优控制也能取得和最优控制相同或相近的控制效果。

Two mathematic models are used for passive suspensions and active suspensions respectively. On the basis of optimal control strategy, stochastic sub-optimal control strategy and related designing methods are studied in detail by means of minimized norm. Under the backgrounds of engineering application, after analyzing the controlling variables, three sub-optimal controllers are designed for the actual automobile, each of which has three, two and one variable. Achievements show that active suspension is better than passive suspension on both enhancing ride comfort and handling stability. After selecting suitable controlling variables, sub-optimal control has the same or nearly equal controlling effects as the optimal control.