高一学生人格偏离的病例对照研究

A Case-controlled Stody of Personality Dysfunction among High School Students

目的 :探讨父母养育方式、家庭和学校环境等因素对青少年人格偏离形成的影响。方法 :以分层整群抽样的方法 ,采用PDQ -4、EMBU和一般情况问卷调查北京市 95 74名高中一年级学生。对PDQ -4总分阳性和阴性者 ,进行 1:2配比的病例对照研究 ,进行单因素和多因素条件Logistic回归 ,分析人格偏离的危险因素。结果 :单因素和多因素分析显示父母拒绝、过度保护和偏爱型养育方式、乡村地区和父母关系不和睦是人格偏离的危险因素 ,父母情感温暖型养育方式是人格偏离的保护因素。结论 :青少年人格发育与不良的父母养育方式及家庭和学校环境关系密切 ,应该提倡正确的父母养育方式 ,营造良好的家庭和学校环境。

Objective:To explore the effect of parental rearing behavior and related factors of personality dysfunction in adolescents Method:By means of stratified cluster sampling, 9574 students from 25 representative senior high schools in urban and rural areas of Beijing were investigated by PDQ-4 (personality diagnostic questionnaire-4), EMBU and general information questionnaire A case control study based on community was carried out afterwards The cases were the students whose total PDQ-4 score was 42 (means±1 645s) or more The controls were students whose total PDQ-4 score was 25 (means) or less Cases of personality dysfunction (n=531) were individually matched with 1062 controls by age and gender in ratio of 1:2 The single variable and multivariate conditional logistic regression analyses were performed to screen out the risk factors of personality dysfunction Result: The single variable conditional logistic regression analysis revealed that parental rejection, overprotection, favoring subject, rural area, type of school, poor parental relationship and single parent family increased risk of personality dysfunction, while parental emotional warmth was a protective factor The multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis gave the same results with OR=11 43 for parental rejection, OR=7 68 for overprotection, OR=13 94 for rural area, OR=4 15 for poor parental relationship, and OR=0 50 for parental emotional warmth There was no association between personality dysfunction and nationality, family income, single child family or level of parental education Conclusion:Personality dysfunction in adolescents is closely related to family environment