阳离子表面活性单体的合成及其自由基聚合动力学特点

Synthesis of Cationic SuperficiaUyactive Monomers and Kinetic Character of Radical Polymerization

本文研究了用光和热分解偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)所引发的N,N—二甲基甲基丙烯酰乙基氯化铵(Ⅰ)和N,N—二甲基—N—乙酰丁基甲基丙烯酰乙基氯化铵(Ⅱ)在水中且在后者胶粒形成临界浓度—1范围内的自由基聚合动力学,结果表明,聚合速率在从第一单体转到第二单体时因引发速率增加和双分子链终止反应速率常数的减少而增加。在第一种情况下,聚合速率实际上与单体在水中的浓度无关;在第二种情况下,高于胶粒形成临界浓度—1时,聚合速率为一恒定值,低于上述浓度,在稀释过程中聚合速率则增加,观察到的效应与在聚合过程中聚合物和增长自由基从溶液中以胶粒形式分出有关,当向单体Ⅰ的聚合溶液加入具有盐析效应的电解质时,也有类似的现象。

This paper reports the synthesis of cationic superficially-active monomers:N,N-dimethyl methacryloylethylammonium chloride(Ⅰ) and N,N-dimethyl methacryloyl ethyl bythyl acetylammonium chloride(Ⅱ). The result shows that the polymerization rate at the transition from Ⅰ to Ⅱ increase as a result of increase in initiation rate and decrease in bimolecular tear reaction constant.