新概念脉冲爆震发动机研究的最新进展

Recent Advances in New-Concept Pulse Detonation Engine Research

论述了新概念脉冲爆震发动机的工作原理、热力循环方式、优点及应用范围 ,对国外脉冲爆震发动机的最新研究进展和存在的问题进行了综述 ,介绍了作者在脉冲爆震发动机探索性研究方面的主要成果 :修正了比冲计算公式 ;发展了一种新的低能量 (5 0mJ)单级起爆系统 ;采用爆震性较差的液体燃料C8H1 6/空气混合物 ,在国际上 ,首次成功地进行了两相脉冲爆震发动机原理性试验 ,所测量的爆震波压力比非常接近充分发展的C -J爆震 ,说明已获得了充分发展的两相脉冲爆震波 ;实验研究了脉冲爆震发动机的直径和爆震频率对其性能的影响 ;突破了将脉冲爆震发动机长度缩短到 1m ,爆震频率提高到

In this paper, the principle of a new-concept pulse detonation engine (PDE), its thermodynamic cycle, its advantages over conventional engines and its potential applications are broadly described; the research developments abroad are briefly reviewed and existing problems are analyzed. Moreover, the recent advances in explorative study on PDE by authors are presented: the formula for specific impulse is updated and a low-energy, single-stage initiation system is developed. Most importantly, the principle demonstration experiments of a two-phase PDE are successfully implemented, using poor detonable liquid C 8 H 16 /Air mixture. The obtained pressure ratio is very close to that of theoretical fully-developed C-J detonation which reveals that the fully-developed two-phase detonation wave is achieved in this study. In addition, the effects of the PDE geometry and detonation frequency on its performance are investigated experimentally. The study is focused on key technologies of shortening PDE length and increasing detonation frequency, resulting in a stable operation with 36Hz-frequency and less than 1m length of PDE, which has made a stride toward practical PDE.