从古代习俗看词义训释

On Annotation the Words From the View of Ancient Customs

本文试以涉及婚姻、生育二例,谈谈古代习俗对于词语训释的价值。一是不熟悉习俗导致训释不得要领,《触龙说赵太后》“必勿使反”的“反”特指休弃,“持其踵”是亲迎之际赵太后给女儿穿屦的动作;二是根据习俗纠正注释错误,《勾践灭吴》“生三人、生二人”不能释为“一胎生三个婴儿、一胎生两个婴儿”。

This paper gives two examples to explain that annotating the words should be with the help of the ancient customs of the same period, such as the customs of marriage, and having babies. The author points out maybe the explainer can not give the precise annotations if he (or she) is not versed in the ancient customs. And the knowledge of the customs can help the explainers to correct the wrong interpretations.