认知功能障碍与老年缺铁性贫血患者的相关性研究

Correlation between cognitive dysfunction and chronic iron deficiency anemia in the elderly

目的:观察老年缺铁性贫血(IDA)的认知功能损害特征。方法:63例老年(年龄60～83岁)IDA患者接受了中国韦氏智力测验量表(WAIS)测试,并与WAIS测验中相应年龄的常模数据进行比较。结果:老年IDA患者WAIS智测成绩中的知识(16.5±5.6)、领悟(12.7±5.9)、算术(7.3±3.1)、相似性(13.8±5.4)、词汇(42.3±21.7)和图形排列(15.6±6.7)等粗分明显低于WAIS相应年龄组的常模数据(t=2.015～2.428,P均<0.05)。老年IDA病情重组(血清铁蛋白<15μg/L和红细胞碱性铁蛋白<6μg/L)智测成绩中的多数分测验粗分明显低于病情轻组(t=2.109～2.438,P均<0.05),但相似性和填图分测验没有组间差异(P均>0.05),老年IDA病程长组(≥1.5年)的WAIS多数分测验均明显低于病程短组(t=2.055～2.406,P均<0.05),数字广度和木块图粗分两组间无明显区别(P均>0.05)。结论:老年IDA患者存在着明显的认知功能障碍,后者程度与IDA病情和病程有关。

AIM:To explore the characteristics of cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients with iron deficiency anemia (IDA).METHODS: Wechsler's adult intelligence scale (WAIS) was employed in 63 senile patients with IDA(aged 60- 83 years)and normal age matched controls.RESULTS:WAIS test showed that the scores of knowledge, insight, arithmetic, similarity, vocabulary and picture completion tests of the senile patients were (16.5± 5.6),(12.7± 5.9),(7.3± 3.1),(13.8± 5.4),(42.3± 21.7), and (15.6± 6.7) respectively, significantly lower than those of the controls (t=2.015- 2.428, all P< 0.05).The majority of IDA scores of the patients with severe IDA(the level of serum ferritin was below 15 μ g/L and the level of erythrocyte alkali ferritin was below 6 μ g/L) were significantly lower than those of the patients with mild IDA(t=2.109- 2.438,all P< 0.05), but an insignificant difference was found in the scores of similarity and picture completion test between the two groups(P >0.05). The majority of WAIS scores of the patients with the course of 1.5 years and over were significantly lower than those of the patients with the course below 1.4 years (t=2.055- 2.406, all P< 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the scores of numeral span and block pattern test of the two groups (P >0.05).