对外汉语教学中的文化词语

On cultural words in teaching Chinese as a foreign language

文化词语特指那些隐含着丰富的文化内涵,不能直接从字面上了解其含义,具有固定文化附加意义的词语;文化词语的分类应符合公认的文化结构四层次说,即物态文化词语、制度文化词语、行为文化词语及心态文化词语;文化词语敬学的关键是如何在语言课中进行文化导入,应在选择、讲练方式及测试三个方面突出其特点.

Cultural words are referred in particular to those containing rich connotation of culture,can not be understood by literal meaning and possessing additionally the fixed cultural meaning.The classification of cultural words should be in accordance with the generally recognized “ four structure theory of culture”; namely material cultural words,institutional cultural words,behavioural cultural words and ideological cultural words.The key to teaching cultural words lies in introducing and conveying certain cultural meaning into linguistic courses.We should give prominence to the characteristics by the selection,the way of practise and explanation,and the test of cultural words.