摘要
亚里士多德所说的“质料”是万物的基质,无性状,是客现存在。质料是各种现在事物赖以形成的条件,无差别的同一质料可以形成千差万别的具体事物。质料与形式是相对的,可以互相转化。亚里士多德概括出哲学质料范畴,并自发运用一般与个别,抽象与具体的辨证法。但是,亚氏只从客观、直观形式去理解质料,没有从主现方面去理解质料,反映出他的哲学的历史局限性和不彻底性。
' Material' mentioned by Aristotle is essential to everything, which exists objectively with no definite shape. Material'poses as a prerequisite of formation of all the existence, and the reason why the same indifferent things can be changed into a immense variety of concrete things. Aristotle generalized the domain of philosophic material , and he himself applied the dialectics of generality and individuality, abstraction and concretization. Aristotle, however, comprehended material'only from the objective perspective and intuitive form, not from the subjective one, which reflected his historic limitation and unthoroughgoingness.
