新中国成立之初到七十年代的两次西北开发述论

The Review of Two Northwest Developments from the foundation of the People's Republic of China to the 1970's

新中国成立以来 ,对西北的开发建设 ,始终是一个关系全局的战略问题。从 2 0世纪 5 0年代初至 70年代 ,西北出现了两次经济开发的高潮。第一次是 5 0年代以“一五”计划为中心的新工业基地建设 ,第二次是 6 0年代中期到 70年代进行的三线建设。这两次经济开发以“有计划、按比例发展”作为社会主义的重要经济规律 ,在强调国民经济综合平衡、部门平衡的同时 ,贯穿了以毛泽东为核心的第一代领导集体的主导思想———区域均衡发展战略。两次西北开发成就斐然 。

Since the foundation of the People's Republic of China, the developing and constructing of northwest area has always been a strategic problem concerning the whole country. From the beginning of the 1950's to the 1970s, there existed two high tides of northwest development, one was the new industry base construction with the first Five-year Plan as a center in the 1950's, the other was 'Three-lines' construction from the mid-1960's to the 1970's. The two developments took 'planned development' as a staple law of socialist economy, and regional balanced development strategy was permeated as the dominant ideas put forward by the first generation leading group with Mao Zedong playing the central role, and simultaneously, integration balance and department balance were certainly emphasized. The achievements of the two developments were great, however, some problems were also exposed.