新疆杨树干破腐问题的结构及生理特性的研究

RESEARCH ON THE STRUCTURE AND PHYSIOLOGY OF BROKEN AND ROTTEN TRUNKS OF POPULUS BOLLENA

新疆杨(Populus bollena)树干破腐现象十分严重,为林业生产中急待解决的问题之一。调查中发现自然界存在一种皮孔较小、树皮光滑的小皮孔生理型新疆杨,其树干抗破腐性能远较另一种皮孔较大、树皮粗糙的大皮孔生理型新疆杨强。结合栽培试验,我们对两种生理型新疆杨的树皮含水量、细胞原生质膜透性、pH值、酚类化合物、糖、纤维素、蛋白质、脂肪含量及氧化酶活性等进行了测定。查明了小皮孔型新疆杨树干抗破腐性强的原因,为从树种本身解决新疆杨树干破腐问题提供了一条新途径。

Populus bollena was very seriously subject to the broken and rotten trunks which urgently needed to be overcomed in forestry operations. Through investigation, it was found that there was a strong disease resistant variant of Populus bollena which was characterized by smooth bark with smaller lenticels on it. Combined with cultivation experiments, analyses were carried out to identify the structure, physiological and biochemical properties of the variant, including water status, permeability of protoplasmic membrance of cells, pH, quntity of phenal, carbohtdrate, cellulose, protein's fat and activity of phenaloxidase, hydrogen peroxide ensyme, and peroxidase. The result of analysis showed that the variant of Populus bollena with smaller lenticelle was more resistant to cold conditions and disease than those with larger lenticelle. It would be a new way select and to use the natural variant to solve the problem of broken and rotten trunks of Populus bollena.