“兰学”在日本出现的原因探析

Analyses of the Reason Why "Lanxue" Appeared in Japan

江户时代中后期 ,在日本出现了以荷兰语研究西洋文明的“兰学”。许多兰学家翻译了大量的著作 ,并著书立说 ,创办兰学塾 ,培养了一大批掌握了西洋文明的年轻武士知识分子 ,使之成为倒幕运动和明治维新的主力和先锋。日本人通过学习西方先进技术 ,嫁接西方文明 ,“师夷长技以制夷” ,最终摆脱了民族危机 ,成为亚洲强国。本文主要从四个方面分析了“兰学”在日本出现的原因。

Lanxue'is a kind of learning to study wetern civilization by using Dutch language in Japan in the medium and late period of Jianghu times(1600-1867). Many experts in Lanxue translated a lot of works, set up Lanxue schools and cultivated a lot of warrior soldiers and warrior intellectuals who mastered western civilization and became the main force and pioneers in the movement of overthrowing Mu and in Mingzhi Innovation. Japanese came to get rid of national crisis and became a strong nation in Asia by learning advanced western technology and civilization. This article analyzes the reason why Lanxue appeared in Japan in four ways.