异化·物化·游——试论《庄子》的自由哲学

Alienation · Change of Things · You ——On the F reedom Philosophy of Zhuang-tzu

庄子是极为关注人之自由的古代哲学家,也是对人生命的异化状态有最敏锐的知觉和深入批判的哲学家。《庄子》中提出的齐物、物化理论是从异化的根源出发循理得出的消除异化、获得自由的方法;有自然依据的本体的"道"是自由哲学展开的前提和根据,它具有公理的性质。自由的获得即"游",是绝对自由的理想和相对自由的实现。

Being an ancient phil osop her of extremely concerning about the man's freedom,Zhuang-tzu has the keenest s ense of alienation of human life , and carries on a deep-going criticisms on it . Both of Equality of Things and Change of Things ,deduced from the source of al ienation , are the methods of pursuing for his freedom by the elimination of ali enation.Dao,a thing-in-itself for being naturally existed,is the prerequisite an d the basis of Zhuang-tzu's philosophy of freedom for its character of self-evid ence truth.You,i.e.the state of obtaining the freedom,is the accomplishment of a bsolute freedom and relative one.