小型哺乳动物的繁殖投入与繁殖成功率

Reproductive Investment and Reproductive Success of Small Mammals

动物的繁殖活动关系到整个种群的生存与灭绝 ,繁殖投入和繁殖成功率是繁殖生态学研究的重要内容。从繁殖投入的划分入手 ,综述了小型哺乳动物的繁殖投入和繁殖成功率之间的关系及其影响因素、分子生物学技术在繁殖生态学中的应用等 ,阐述了小型哺乳动物能够根据自身的状态调整每次繁殖活动中的时间投入和能量分配 ,采取不同的繁殖对策。这些繁殖对策是长期自然选择的结果 ,其目的都是为了最大限度地提高自身的适合度。并且指出分子生物学技术在繁殖生态学中的应用将大大加快这一研究领域的快速发展。

The existence or extinction of population was controlled by reproducti ve activity Reproductive investment and reproductive success were the main con t ents of reproduction ecology The influencing factors of reproductive investme nt and reproductive success of small mammals, such as environment, age, reproducti ve frequency, hierarchy, social mating systems, reproductive effort were reviewe d based on both empirical and theoretical literature This includes classificat i on of reproductive investment and technologies used in molecular biology Small mammals could adjust reproductive investment by themselves according to their ow n conditions in order to increase their fitness They could adapt various strate g ies under different situations In addition, molecular technology could acceler ate the development of reproduction ecology in small mammals