芜湖市城乡学龄前儿童蛲虫感染现状及其影响因素分析

Prevalence of Enterobius vermicularis infection in preschool children in Wuhu areas and analysis on the influencing factors

目的了解芜湖市学龄前儿童的蛲虫感染现状及相关影响因素,为儿童蛲虫防治提供科学依据。方法采用透明胶纸肛周拭子法,定性检查蛲虫卵。对受检对象及其家庭的基本情况、卫生习惯、学校环境等进行问卷调查。结果本研究学龄前儿童蛲虫感染率为7.42%;单因素分析显示有农村地区、年龄段5~6岁、由爷爷或奶奶抚养、饭前或便后偶尔洗手、家庭收入低、更换床单每周小于一次及从未服用驱虫药等因素的儿童蛲虫感染率较高;多因素非条件logistic回归分析显示,学龄前儿童蛲虫感染主要危险因素是5~6岁年龄段、农村地区、饭前或便后不洗手等。结论芜湖市学龄前儿童蛲虫感染率农村显著高于城区,应把农村地区、5~6岁年龄段、卫生习惯不良的儿童作为蛲虫防治的重点。

Objective To investigate the status of Enterobius vermicularis infection and its influencing factors in preschool children living in Wuhu City in order to supply scientific evidence with prevention of this infection. Methods Cellophane anal swab was applied to collect the eggs of Enterobius vermicularis from preschool children in regular manner. And a questionnaire, with regard to the primary information of families, hygiene habits and school environments, was conducted in the subjects. Results Totally, the infection rate of Enterobius vermicularis was 7.42%. Single factor analysis showed higher infection rate in preschool children living in rural areas, aged 5 to 6 years old, raised by grandpa or grandma, with occasional hand washing before meals or after toilet, with low family income, change of the sheets less than once a week and use of the drugs against pinworms at no time. Unconditional logistic regression analysis on the multiple factors revealed that the risks for infection in preschoolers with Enterobius vermicularis were primarily associated with ages(5~6 years),life in rural areas and absence of practicing hand washing before meals or after toilet. Conclusion Higher infection rate of Enterobius vermicularis was found in preschool children living rural areas of Wuhu than their urban counterparts. This indicates that control efforts should be applied to the preschooler in rural villages, aged from 5 to 6 years, and with poorer hygiene habits.