广州海珠湿地生态系统服务价值评估

Evaluation of Haizhu Wetland Ecosystem Service Value in Guangzhou

在"海绵城市"和生态文明城市理念的倡导下,广州市近年在大力建设城市湿地公园.以广州海珠湿地为研究对象,将其生态系统服务分为物质生产、环境调节和社会文化三类,以物质生产、涵养水源、水质净化、气候调节、生物栖息等7项服务功能为评价指标,采用市场价值法、影子工程法、碳税法、成果参照法和旅行费用法分别对其进行价值评估.结果表明:海珠湿地生态系统服务总价值为11 437.5万元/年,其中环境调节服务价值最大,约6 934.582万元/年,占总价值的60.63%;其次是物质生产服务价值,约为3 380.7万元/年,占总价值的29.56%;最后是社会文化价值,约为804.36万元/年,占总价值的9.81%.可见环境调节是海珠湿地生态系统的核心服务功能.因此,今后海珠湿地的可持续发展思路应是:重点保护环境调节功能、充分利用物质生产功能、继续打造更好的社会文化功能.

With the guidance of the concept of "sponge city" and ecological civilization city, urban wetland park has been vigorously constructed in Guangzhou in recent years. Aiming at Haizhu Wetland,the ecosystem service was classified into three classes, material production, environmental regulation and social cultural service. Then seven service function including material production, conservation water, water purification, climate regulation, biological habitats etc, were selected as evaluation index.Referring to the domestic related research, the direct market method, substitute market method, shadow engineering method, achievement evaluation method were applied to this research, and finally it shows that: Haizhu Wetland ecosystem service value is about 114.375 million yuan per year, among which environmental regulation service value is the largest, about 69.345 82 million yuan per year, accounting for 60.63% of the total value. The second is the value of material production services, which is about33.807 million yuan per year, accounting for 29.56% of the total value. Finally, the value of social culture is about 804.36 million yuan per year, accounting for 9.81% of the total value. It is obvious that environmental regulation service is the leading service function of Haizhu Wetland ecosystem. Based on this, the idea of sustainable development of the Haizhu Wetland was put forward: focus on the protection of environmental regulation, make full use of material production functions, and continue to create better social and cultural function.