康德法哲学:框架、特征及其精神

Kant’s Philosophy of Law:Structure,Character and Spirit

本文试图通过追溯《法权学说》构思、遗忘和重新提及的历史以及在此书中表达的基本框架和精神来阐述康德法哲学的基本要义。在传统的康德解释中,人们往往把自由看作康德法哲学唯一的核心精神,从而把原子式个体的观念强加给康德。然而,康德在《法权学说》中所强调的法则以及交互影响的观念,从另一个角度说明,这种仅只依凭自由来阐释康德法哲学的努力是有偏差的。我们必须从法则之下的自由或自由的法则,以及从中所体现出来的交互关系的观念来解释康德的法哲学。这种在保持个体独立性的同时又强调对于他者的开放性的观念才是康德法哲学的基本精神。

This paper describes the purpose, the delay and the structure of Rechtslehre and explains the basic arrangement and spirit of it in order to take account of Kant’s legal philosophy. In the traditional interpretations of Kant, Kant’s scholars often treat the freedom as the sole central spirit of Kant’s legal philosophy and the atomic individual as its footstone. But, as soon as we turn our sight into Kant’s later work Rechtslehre, we will discover some another principles, the law and the force,that are no less important than the freedom. Then, we will find that the spirit of Kant’s legal philosophy is not only the freedom,but also the openness to other people, so they will live together and enjoy their freedom under the general law.