从共同管治看中国内地大学教授治学的现状与发展

Recent Developments in Professorial Governance among the Universities in Chinese Mainland:A Perspective of Shared Governance

高等教育中的管治,通常指涉决策的结构和过程,共同管治即由结构和过程组成的决策系统,董事会、学术领导、教师及其他利益相关者共同参与其中。从国际讨论来看,大部分教师认可共同管治的重要性,虽然教师普遍对其参与管治的程度和水平感到不满,但却切实地享有课程与教学以及教师招聘、晋升与任期等学术领域的决策权;就教师与学术领导的关系而言,部分学术领导亦表现出征求教师意见、支持教师参与、谋求二者合作及共同发展的行为。在中国情境下,尽管大部分教师已经发出参与学术决策的现实诉求,但却很少有机会参与其中,即使是对学术事务也没有太多的发言权;学术领导往往侵占决策资源、学术资源,并主宰决策的过程及结果。

Governance refers to the structure and process of decision making within higher education, and shared governance is defined as the decision making system composed of structures and processes, through which the board,administrators, faculty and other campus constituents make collective institutional decisions. International discussions indicate that the majority of the faculty regards shared governance as important. Although they are generally less satisfied with their levels of involvement in governance, they do have primary control over such academic areas as curriculum and teaching, the recruitment, promotion and tenure of faculty members. As to the relationship between administrators and faculty, some of the administrators are consultative and supportive, and seek coalition and mutual development. In the context of China, although most of the faculty shows strong interests in participating in the process of decision making, few opportunities are open to them, even in the academic areas. The administrators always dominate the decision making and academic resources, and determine the processes and results of the decision making.