社会资源与大学财政:芝加哥大学社会筹资研究

Social Resources and University Financing Ability: The Evolution of Fundraising at The University of Chicago

建设世界一流大学离不开强大的财政支持,社会资源是大学除政府拨款和学生学费之外的第三方经费来源。芝加哥大学从创建之初到20世纪60年代社会筹资机制的最终确立,筹资主体方面,芝加哥大学形成了学校校长引领、校外策划公司协助、校内发展委员会统筹协调三足鼎立式的社会筹资模式;筹资理念方面,筹资对象由单一的向慈善基金会筹资到主次搭配、全盘协调的多元化筹资,资金用途由硬件建设逐渐向软件建设倾斜,筹资机制由校长个人筹资到多部门联动筹资。学习美国大学社会筹资经验,有利于中国大学拓宽经费来源,汲取社会资源以支持世界一流大学建设。

Top university needs strong financial support,the support of social resources is the third party besides government sources. The university of Chicago,from its birth to the 1960s,established the social financing mechanisms. In terms of financing subject,the university of Chicago has formed a three-pillar social financing mechanism,with the university president taking a leading role, the external fundraising company providing assistance,and the campus development committee coordinating; In terms of the fundraising rationale,financing consciousness shifted from the private philanthropy foundation financing to multiple object financing; capital using shifted from hardware construction to software construction;financing mechanisms shifted from an individual president fundraising to multisector collaboration fundraising.