高校毕业生就业地选择中的“关系”作用研究

Study on the Role of Social Relations in the Choice of Workplace for College Graduates

高校毕业生面对北上广深不断攀升的居住成本,在"回家乡"还是"去远方"之间总要做出一个艰难的选择,但选择背后的作用机制却莫衷一是。本文利用"中国教育追踪调查"(CEPS)数据,从社会关系的视角分析并尝试解释就业地选择对高校毕业生就业结果的影响。研究发现,回生源地工作的毕业生更有可能进入国有企业工作,且会承担一定的就业薪酬损失;而通过社会关系的非正式渠道求职则会显著降低毕业生的就业薪酬,也不会让回乡求职的毕业生享受到额外的工作福利,这可能是就业地选择对就业薪酬影响的原因之一。现实中,高校应引导毕业生培养正确的求职心态,合理对待就业地选择,充分发挥毕业生的主观能动性以期获得一份满意的工作。

Faced with a rising cost of living in first tier cities,graduates have to make a difficult choice: staying in hometown or leaving. The study utilizes longitudinal data from the Chinese Education Panel Survey( CEPS) to analyze and interpret the impact of employment choices on the employment outcomes of college graduates from the perspective of social relations. The study found that graduates working in hometown are more likely to work in the Stateowned enterprises and lose a certain amount of starting salaries; job searching through informal channels and interpersonal relationships will significantly reduce graduates' salaries,and will not make them enjoy more job benefits. In reality,colleges and universities should guide graduates to make rational decisions in choosing workplaces. Additionally,graduates themselves should give full play to their initiative in order to get satisfactory jobs.