不同原料商品有机肥对土壤肥力性状及冬瓜产量的影响

Effects of Different Raw Material Organic Fertilizers on Soil Fertility and Wax Gourd Yield

分析明月海藻有机肥(CH01)、海腾鸡粪有机肥(HK05)、荣达豆粕有机肥(BT03)和博泰虾肽氨基酸有机肥(CJ01)4种不同原料商品有机肥养分含量,研究其对土壤肥力和冬瓜产量的影响。结果表明:海藻有机质含量最高,豆粕氮含量最高,鸡粪磷和钾含量最高;经过360 d的培养实验后,海藻对有机质提升效果最好;豆粕对碱解氮和全氮含量提升效果最好;鸡粪对速效磷提升效果最好;鸡粪和虾肽对速效钾提升最大。对土壤pH和CEC提升效果最好的有机肥分别为鸡粪和海藻。大田试验中豆粕对碱解氮含量提升效果最好,海藻对CEC提升效果最好,鸡粪对pH提升效果最好,与培养试验结果相一致。但各处理土壤中的养分含量,pH和CEC差异不显著。施用虾肽能显著提高冬瓜产量,其余处理与空白对照无显著差异。不同原料商品有机肥培肥土壤的能力受到有机肥基本理化性质的影响,增产效果与其钾含量高低有关,施用虾肽有机肥能显著提高冬瓜产量。短时间的田间试验无法体现商品有机肥的肥效。

In this study we analyzed the nutrient contents of four commercial organic fertilizers:Mingyue seaweed(CH01),Haiteng chicken manures(HK05),Rongda soybean meal(BT03)and Botai shrimp peptides(CJ01),and investigated the effect of commercial organic fertilizers to soil fertility and wax gourd yield.The results showed that the commercial organic fertilizers with the highest organic matter and nitrogen content were seaweed and soybean meal.And chicken manures had the highest phosphorus and potassium content.After 360 days of soil incubation experiments,seaweed had the best effect on enhancing organic matter content in the studied soil;soybean meal had the best increasing of total nitrogen and available nitrogen;chicken manures had the best enhancing of available phosphorus,while chicken manures and shrimp peptides had the best increasing of available potassium.Chicken manure and seaweed were the most effective organic fertilizers for the enhancement of soil pH and CEC,respectively.Results of field experiment showed that soybean meal,seaweed and chicken manures had the best improvement of alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen,CEC and pH,respectively,which was consistent with the results of soil incubation.However,there was no significant difference in nutrient content,pH and CEC of soil between different treatments.The application of shrimp peptides could significantly increase the yield of wax gourd,but there was no significant difference between the studied treatments and the control treatment.The ability of organic fertilizer with different raw materials to cultivate soil was affected by the basic physical and chemical properties of organic fertilizer.The effect of increasing yield related to level of organic fertilizer potassium.The application of shrimp peptides can significantly increase the yield of wax gourd.Short-term experiment cannot reflect the effect of commercial organic fertilizer for soil fertility property.