微碱化栽培料对金针菇产量和质量的提升效应

Fruiting Body Yield and Quality Improvement of Fammulina filiformis by Substrates Weakly Alkalified

为探讨栽培料提高碱性对金针菇菌丝生长、产量与质量的影响,在栽培料中添加壳灰,研究其对栽培料pH和金针菇菌丝生长、产量、子实体性状、营养成分、重金属含量的影响。结果表明:添加0.5%～4.0%壳灰的栽培料可提高栽培料pH以及产量。添加量为1.0%～1.5%壳灰的最佳,灭菌后pH为6.2～6.4,高于对照(pH 5.1);生物学效率为107.6%～113.7%,高于对照(96%),提高了12.4%～18.4%;此外,子实体的粗蛋白和粗纤维含量提高,且子实体性状、商品率、重金属积累未发生改变。以壳灰为碱化剂,栽培料微碱化栽培金针菇可有效提高产量和营养,具有推广应用前景。

To investigate the effect of substrate weakly alkalified on fruiting body yield and quality of Fammulian filiformis, substrate pH, mycelial growth, mushroom yield, fruiting body characteristics, nutritional composition, and heavy metal accumulation was determined after solid substrates added with different amounts of shell ash as an additional alkali reagen. The results showed that the addition of shell ash in the test range(0.5%–4.0%) could significantly improve the alkalization of the substrates before and after sterilization, and also mushroom yield. The optimal addition range was 1.0%–1.5%, which increased the substrate pH value up to 6.2–6.4 after sterilization, higher than that of the control(5.1), and improved the biological efficiency by 12.4%–18.4%. Moreover, the shell ash addition improved the contents of crude protein and crude fibre of the fruit bodies, but did not cause a decease in the fruit body commercial ratio and an increase in heavy metal accumulation. The cultivation of F. filiformis is feasible using substrate weakly alkalified with shell ash as an additional alkali reagent.