保水剂与氮肥对麻竹抗性生理特性的影响

Effects of Super Absorbent Polymers (SAP) and Nitrogen Fertilizer Mixture on Resistance Physiology Indexes of Dendrocalamus latiflorus

为探讨水分和养分管理在沿海防护竹林应用以及优势竹种引种栽培的问题提供理论依据,研究保水剂和氮肥不同用量配合施用对麻竹叶片逆境抗性生理的影响。以两年生麻竹(Dendrocalamus latiflorus)为试验材料,配施不同剂量的保水剂(30、60、90 g/丛,代号为A1、A2、A3)和氮肥(200、400、600 g/丛,代号为B1、B2、B3),在笋期(7、8和9月),测定其叶片中叶绿素、脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、丙二醛(MDA)、电解质渗透率、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)。并通过相关性分析、主成分分析和隶属函数法对不同保水处理进行综合评价及排序。研究结果表明,在保水剂与氮肥处理下,麻竹叶片中叶绿素、脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖含量、SOD和POD活性均高于CK(对照);MDA含量和电解质渗透率均低于CK(对照),不同处理效果不同。在笋期(7、8和9月)中,麻竹叶片中叶绿素含量变化差异小,脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖含量、SOD和POD活性均在8月最低,MDA含量和电解质渗透率均在8月最高。各处理效果综合排序为:A3B3>A2B3>A1B2>A3B2>A3B1>A2B1>A1B1>A1B3>A2B2>CK(对照)。

Different dosage of super absorbent polymers(SAP) and nitrogen fertilizer were studied in coastal protected bamboo forests to identify the stress resistance physiology of bamboo leaf. Super absorbent polymers(SAP)(30, 60, 90 g/plexus) and nitrogen(200, 400, 600 g/plexus) were applied to the bamboo shoots of two-year old Dendrocalamus latiflorus(July, August, and September). The variation in photosynthetic pigments, biochemical attributes(proline, soluble protein, and soluble sugar), and antioxidant enzymes(malondialdehyde(MDA), electrolyte penetration rate, superoxide dismutase(SOD), and peroxidase(POD) were determined. The results revealed that the photosynthetic pigments, proline, soluble protein, soluble sugar, and activity of SOD and POD were higher in different dosage of SAP and nitrogen fertilizer compared to CK, whereas MDA content and electrolyte penetration rate were both lower in different treatments than CK. During growing season(July, August, and September), concentrations of photosynthetic pigments varied little, while the contents of proline, soluble protein, soluble sugar, and the activities of SOD and POD were minimum in August. On the contrary, MDA content and electrolyte penetration rate were higher in August. The order of super absorbent polymers(SAP) and nitrogen fertilizer mixture treatments: A3B3>A2B3>A1B2>A3B2>A3B1>A2B1> A1B1>A1B3>A2B2>CK.