核应急情况下食品和饮用水中放射性核素浓度控制水平分析

Analysis in Control Level of Radionuclide Concentrations in Food and Water During a Nuclear Emergency

目的对核应急情况下食品和饮用水中放射性核素浓度控制水平进行分析。方法通过对国际相关组织对食品和饮用水中涉及的放射性污染核素数目、给出的具体控制数值进行比较分析,对我国放射性核素浓度控制水平要求进行讨论。结果核或放射突发事件发生后,释放出的放射性核素有可能造成大面积污染。为了判定污染程度,联合国粮农组织、国际原子能机构、世界卫生组织等国际组织发表了多项出版物,就行动水平、干预水平、操作干预水平等提出了具体建议值并不断做出修正,国内相关标准较为滞后。结论根据国际原子能机构《核或放射突发事件准备与响应准则》(通用安全导则No.GSG-2)出版物并结合我国的具体情况,制定出适合于我国核应急情况下控制水平。

Objective To analyze the control level of radionuclide concentrations in food and water during a nuclear emergency. Methods According to compares the number of radionuclides and their limitation values in food,milk and water from relevant international organizations,discuss our control level of radionuclide concentrations. Results After a nuclear or radiological emergency,the radionuclides released from the emergency could contaminate large area. In order to identify the degree of radio-pollution,the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,International Atomic Energy Agency and World Health Organization etc have published some publications in which the action level,intervention level and operational intervention action level etc were given and revised afterwards.,but our Standards are lagged. Conclusion According to the IAEA safety standard series 'Criteria for Use in Preparedness and Response for a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency',General Safety Guide No. GSG-2) and combined with our specific conditions,sincerely hope that our control level during a nuclear emergency will be revised.