某纯碱生产企业职业病危害因素现状调查与评价

Investigation on Present Status of Occupational Hazard Factors in A Soda Ash Plant

目的了解某纯碱生产企业存在的职业病危害因素和采取的职业病危害防护措施,为职业病防治工作提供依据。方法采用现场职业卫生学调查和工作场所职业病危害因素检测方法,进行职业卫生现况调查分析。结果粉尘、氨气、碳酸钠、一氧化碳、氯化氢、硫化氢、噪声、高温为该厂存在的主要职业病危害因素,其中粉尘超标率为21.2%、氨气超标率为14.9%、碳酸钠超标率为13.8%、噪声超标率为11.8%,氯化氢、硫化氢、高温均符合国家卫生标准要求。结论该企业采取的职业病危害防护措施基本可行,职业卫生管理体系较为完整,职业卫生管理水平较高,但某些职业病危害因素存在超标点,应着重改善作业环境,提高防护措施,控制有害因素的浓度和强度,防止职业病的发生。

Objective To understand the occupational hazard factors in the production process and preventive measures in a soda ash plant,provide the basis for prevention and treatment of occupational diseases. Methods On-site occupational health investigation and detection of occupational hazards in the workplace were adopted to perform investigation and analysis on current status of occupational health. Results The main occupational hazard factors in the factory included dust,ammonia,sodium carbonate,carbon monoxide,hydrogen chloride,hydrogen sulfide,noise,high temperature. The exceeded rates were21. 2% for dust,14. 9% for ammonia,13. 8% for sodium carbonate,and 11. 8% for noise. Hydrogen chloride,hydrogen sulfide and high temperature were up to the national health standards. Conclusion The protective measures and facilities of occupational hazards of this plant are feasible. The occupational health management system is relatively complete. But the indicators of some occupational hazard factors are high in this factory. It is necessary to improve the working environment,increase the protection degree and control the density and intensity of occupational hazard factors to prevent occupational disease.