全国核辐射突发事件卫生应急能力现状分析

Analysis on current status of medical response capability to nuclear or radiological emergencies in China

目的调查和评估我国核辐射卫生应急能力现状。方法对照职责任务设计调查表,采用问卷调查方式在全国范围内开展核辐射卫生应急能力调查,收集调查数据并评估我国核辐射卫生应急工作情况。结果目前从整体上看我国已经基本建立了核辐射突发事件卫生应急体系,对核辐射突发事件具备一定的应对能力,但调查数据也暴露出目前我国核辐射突发事件应急工作存在的一些薄弱环节。省级救治网络已经不能满足当前需要,重点地区市、县级监测、救治能力较弱,缺乏相关培训。结论建议各级卫生健康部门有针对性地采取措施,完善救治网络,建成区域中心,并加强基层核辐射救治、监测能力建设,进一步提高我国核辐射突发事件卫生应急响应能力。

Objective To investigate and evaluate the current of medical response capability to nuclear or radiological emergencies in China.Methods The questionnaire was designed according to the duties and responsibilities,and was used to conduct the nationwide survey of medical response capabilities to nuclear or radiological emergencies.The survey data were collected to assess medical response capabilities to nuclear or radiological emergencies in China.Results At present China has established a medical response system for nuclear or radiological emergencies,and has certain response ability to nuclear or radiological emergencies.However,the survey data also revealed that there still eists some vulnerable fields in the current medical response framework.The provincial-level treatment network can no longer meet the current needs.The municipal-level and county-level monitoring and treatment capabilities in key regions are weak,and relevant trainings are insufficient.Conclusion It is recommended that health authorities at all levels take targeted measures to improve the treatment network,to establish regional centers,and to strengthen grassroots treatment and monitoring capabilities for further enhancing medical response capabilities to nuclear or radiological emergencies in China.