联合国关于食物权之规定及态度分析

Regulation and Attitude of the Right to Food in the Context of United Nations

在全球面临饥饿、营养不良,以及严重的食品安全问题背景下,对于联合国关于食物权之规定和态度分析具有重要意义。联合国对于食物权的规定涵盖了定义及内容、义务主体、救济和问责、监测、目标及行动准则等内容。联合国将食物权置于基本人权的地位,在尊重其他人权的前提下尽最大努力促进食物权的实现;坚持合理时间内逐步实现原则;强调国家作为食物权核心义务主体,同时倡导尽可能多主体参与;采取"双轨方式"实现粮食安全;在采取措施实现食物权过程中坚持人权"PANTHER"原则;将"人"视为实现食物权的行为人,而非仅仅作为食物权实现的受益者和对象。

Under the circumstance of hunger,malnutrition and serious food safety problems globally,regulation and attitude of the right to food in the context of United Nations are of great importance. Regulation of the right to food by United Nations includes definition,content,subjects of obligations,remedies,accountability,monitoring,target and action guidelines. In the context of United Nations,the right to food is regarded as the basic human right,and under the condition of respecting other human rights,subjects concerned should do their best to promote and protect the right to food; the principle of achieving the right to food gradually w ithin a reasonable period of time should be follow ed; it should be emphasized that states are key subject of obligations,advocating as many subjects as possible at the same time; method of 'double tracks'is taken to achieve food safety; the principle of 'PANTHER'is observed during the process of promoting and protecting the right to food; 'human being 'is regarded as the actor of achieving the right to food,rather than just the beneficiary and object.