“二战”后发展权的兴起与实现

On the Rise and Realization of the Right to Development after the World War Ⅱ

反思发展权的演进历程可以得出一个基本结论:发展权的实现不是孤立的过程,应当从战争、和平与发展的三维视角探讨如何落实发展权问题。研究发现,《联合国宪章》虽然没有直接使用"发展权"这一字眼,但是,它全面规范了战争、和平与发展权问题,为发展权提供了四个法律渊源。《发展权利宣言》在规范、价值、后果、手段和对策五个层面对和平与发展权关系进行了法律上的定位。正义的战争史观是通过发展合作实现发展权的价值前提,在这一价值共识转化为制度与行动的过程中,应当坚持均等发展、互惠发展和持续发展三大基本原则。全面确立发展权在《后2015年发展议程》中的地位,必须拓宽发展权的领域与范围、优化发展权的理念与原则、强化发展权的实效与效力。

One basic conclusion which can be drawn from introspection on the evolution course of the right to development is that the realization of the right to development is not isolated but needs to be discussed from the three-dimensional perspective of war,peace and development.The study demonstrates that although the Charter of the United Nations doesn't directly use the phrase 'the right to development',it comprehensively regulates the issues of war,peace and the right to development and provides four legal sources for the right to development.The Declaration on the Right to Development specifies the legalstatus of the relationship between peace and the right to development in terms of norms,values,consequences,methods and countermeasures.The just historical conception towards war is the value prerequisite for realizing the right to development through development and cooperation,and we should adhere to equal development,mutual development and sustainable development during the process of this value consensus' being translated into system and action.Fully establishing the status of the right to development in the Post-2015 Development Agenda requirs widening the sphere and scope of the right to development,optimizing the concept and principle of the right to development and strengthening the efficiency and effectiveness of the right to development.