破解生存权困境的中国方案——从新中国70年社会救助政策的演变切入

China’s Solution to the Dilemma of the Right to Survival:From the Evolution of the 70-year Social Assistance Policies of the PRC

保障全体社会成员获得与时代共同进步的生存权是一项世界性难题。中国凭借坚实有力的体制保障和因时而动的政策体系,在破解生存权全覆盖和与时俱进的难题上提供了中国经验。社会救助政策作为中国生存权制度保障体系中的基本组成部分,是实现使所有人获得生存权的基本制度安排,基于中国特色社会主义建设历程与政治、经济、社会发展水平不断调整政策结构与内涵,突破西方生存权底线保障困境,体现了中国的道路优势、理论优势、制度优势与文化优势。

It is a worldwide problem to ensure that all members of society obtain the right to survival with the common progress of the times.Relying on solid institutional guarantees and a policy system that varies with the times,China has made its own experience in solving the difficulty of ensuring the full coverage of the right to survival and keeping pace with the times.The social assistance policy,as the basic component of China’s institutional security system in terms of the right to survival,is the basic institutional arrangement to realize the right to survival for all,accompanied with the course of building socialism with Chinese characteristics and the constant adjustment of the structure and connotation of policies in the level of political,economic and social development,breaking through the plight of guaranteeing the bottom line of the right to survival in the West,which embodies the advantages of China’s road of development,theory,institution and culture.