试论布鲁纳对教学心理学化的推进

Bruner’s Contribution to Teaching Psychology

布鲁纳的教育教学思想深受结构主义认知理论、心智发展理论和信息加工理论影响,曾对美国教育改革和发展产生过重要影响。他根据心理学特别是有关发展心理学和学习心理学研究的新成果,着重从心理学对教学问题的作用的角度进行了深入研究,认为教学应把握学生的学习心理倾向、应提供给学生便于掌握的知识结构、要有合理的序列、要通过学习的反馈来强化。布鲁纳认为课程教材心理学化改革应从学科基本结构和教学的改革、课程教材编写方式的改革上着手。此外,布鲁纳还倡导使用'发现法'教学。

Bruner’s education teaching thought is deeply influenced by the theories of structural theory, mind development theory and information processing theory. His thoughts has had a great influence on the reform and development of education in the United States. According to psychology,especially the development of the new research results of psychology and learning psychology,he carried on the research from the angle of the teaching problems of psychology emphatically,and he believed that teaching should comprehend the students’ psychological tendency,provide easily knowledge structure to students, arrange reasonable sequence, feedback to strengthen by learning. Bruner believed that the reform of curriculum textbook psychology should be reformed from the basic structure of subject and the reform of teaching. In addition, he advocated the"discovery method"teaching.