城市副中心的概念、选址和发展模式——以北京为例

Concept,Location and Development Mode of Sub-CBD: Taking Beijing as an Example

城市副中心建设能够有效平衡超大城市的集聚效应和扩散效应,缓解城市的人口压力,疏散其功能,促进城市向真正的多中心发展。本文以北京为例,从城市副中心的内涵入手,深入分析了不同形态城市副中心的含义与特征以及城市副中心建设的必要性。认为北京副中心城市应是以现有基础为重要依托、以轨道交通和大运量交通为纽带、以明确的生态区域为界限的、功能完整、组团式布局的新城市。通过建立单纯考虑区域发展和主要考虑为北京"分忧"的两套指标体系,对哪座新城适宜作为北京城市副中心建设的起步区进行了定量研究,由此说明不同功能的城市副中心应基于其功能要素设计指标体系以进行选址。在此基础上提出了北京城市副中心的发展思路和政策建议。

Sub-CBD can effectively balance the agglomeration effect and diffusion effect of the large city.It can also effectively alleviate the population pressure and scatter the function of central district,which contribute to becoming the real multi-centers.Taking Beijing as an example,we firstly present a deep analysis of the connotation and characteristics of Sub-CBD with different forms,and study the necessity of constructing Sub-CBD.We put forward that the Sub-CBD of Beijing should be a new group-type layout city with complete function,which is based on the existing foundation,linking up with rail transit and large volume transportation and bounded by the clear ecological region.Then a quantitative analysis has been carried out for which new city should be the starting area for the Sub-CBD of Beijing,through establishing two sets of index system: pure consideration of regional development and the main consideration for sharing the burden of Beijing.Therefore,Sub-CBD should be located according to different index systems considering its faction.On this basis,we propose the development thought and policy recommendations for Beijing Sub-CBD.