我国城镇化进程中“迁移谜题”的解释——人力资本差异视角

The Interpretation of “Migration Puzzle” in the Process of Urbanization:From the Perspective of Human Capital Differences

基于两种人力资本差异视角,构建理论模型,探究我国城镇化进程中"迁移谜题"现象,并进行实证分析。结果显示:城乡劳动力人力资本差异对城乡收入差距并没有影响,而转移劳动力的不同层次人力资本对城乡收入差距扩大有正向作用。随着劳动力转移规模的不断扩大,附着在转移劳动力身上的人力资本量流出较多。中、高层次人力资本的外溢及农村人力资本的弱化是城镇化进程中"迁移谜题"产生的重要原因,为此,应对外流的人力资本进行补偿。

Based on two kinds of differences of human capital,this paper builds a theoretical model to explore the 'migration puzzle 'in the process of urbanization and does empirical analysis.The results show that the difference of human capital between urban and rural labor has no effect on urban-rural income gap.While,the human capital of the rural labor emigrated to urban in different levels expands it.With the scale of labor migration expanding,the human capital attached to the migrated labor force flows more.The spillover of middle and high human capital and the weakening rural human capital are the important reasons to cause 'migration puzzle ' in the process of urbanization.The government should compensate for the outflow.