人力资本对城乡家庭创业的差异影响研究——基于CHFS调查数据的实证分析

The Study on the Different Impact of the Human Capital on the Rural and Urban Households to Start Their Business:The Empirical Analysis Based on CHFS Survey Data

基于中国家庭金融调查与研究中心(CHFS)2013年全国调查数据,实证分析了以教育年限、金融知识与健康等因素衡量的人力资本对城乡家庭创业的影响。研究发现,人力资本对创业的影响在城乡家庭间存在一定差异:农村家庭受访者的教育年限越高,其家庭进行创业的概率增加值越大,而城镇家庭却非如此;在受访者金融知识水平相近的情况下,农村家庭进行创业的概率比城镇家庭更大。研究还发现在农村家庭与城镇家庭的受访者均受过职业教育的情况下,农村家庭进行创业的概率更大。无论是城镇还是农村,风险偏好型、具有宗教信仰的受访者所在家庭创业的概率更大,"本社区银行营业网点的数量"与家庭创业的概率呈正向关系,而农业生产经营则会对家庭创业产生"挤出效应"。

Based on the nationwide household survey data by CHFS in 2013,this paper made an empirical analysis of the impact of the human capital on the entrepreneurship in urban households and rural households.The study found there are some differences impact of human capital on urban and rural households entrepreneurship: the respondents have more years of education in rural households,the higher probability of their families made entrepreneurship; while the urban households are not so.In the case of the respondents had similar levels of financial literacy,the probability of entrepreneurship in rural households is higher than urban households.Replaced years of education with vocational education,we found that the respondents both subjected to the vocational education of rural households and urban households,the rural households tend to be more entrepreneurial.Whether urban or rural areas,the households with the respondents who are riskloving or have religious belief are more inclined to begin a business,there is a positive relationship between the number of bank branches and the probability of family business,agricultural production and management would extrude the households entrepreneurship.