1966～2000年首次住院精神病患者病史资料分析

Retrospective Analysis of Psychiatric Patients Admitted for the First time During the Period of 1966 to 2000

目的 :通过对首次住院精神病患者的一般情况分析 ,以了解我院精神卫生工作的发展趋势。方法 :抽取 196 6年 1月 1日～ 2 0 0 0年 12月 31日首次住院并已出院的有效病史资料共 374份 ,对性别、首次住院年龄、住院天数、诊断 (依据CCMD 2 R)及治疗情况进行分析。结果 :首次住院患者男、妇比较、男女平均年龄比较均差异有显著性 ;男女平均住院天数差异无显著性 ;病种以精神分裂症为主 ,脑器质性精神障碍、精神发育迟滞次之 ,其余病种所占比例较小 ,酒精所致精神障碍在 90年代以后有逐年增加的趋势 ,且均为男性 ,抗精神病药物治疗一直以氯丙嗪等传统药物为主 ,抗躁狂治疗以碳酸锂为主 ,抗抑郁治疗以三环类抗抑郁药物为主 ,利培酮、SSRIs类新上市药物未得到广泛应用 ,电惊厥在 90年代以后被逐渐停用。结论 :随着医院的发展 ,以及CCMD的使用和更新完善 ,对诊断、治疗和预后评估发挥了较大的作用 ,也促进了医院的规范化建设。

Objective: To elucidate the trend of development of psychiatric work through reviewing and analysing the general conditions of patients with mental diseases admitted for the first time to the author's hospital. Method: A total of 374 cases of first admission in the period of January 1,1966 to December 31,2000 were sampled.Such demographic data as age,sex as well as the diagnosis,interventional treatment employed and length of stay were collected and analyzed. Result:It was revealed that the sex ratio and the age of the patients admitted for the first time were significantly different among different periods of time.The length of saty of the male was not statistically different from that of the female. Schizophrenia was most common among the psychiatric diseases,with organic mental disorders and mental retardation secondary to it.There was an tendency of increase in incidence of alcholic mental disorder after 1990s,mainly in the male.Wintermin was the main antipsychotic drug,lithium carbonate the main antimantic drug ,tricyclics the main antidepressive drug.The SSRIs have not been broadly used.ECT was gradually faded out after 1990s.Conclusion:The adoption of CCMD played an important roles in guiding the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of mental disorders.