长距离明渠冬季安全输水模式和措施探讨

Study on Mode and Measures of Safe Water Transfer for Long Distance Open-channel in Winter

将长距离明渠冬季输水划分为5个阶段,分析了明渠冬季输水特性和可能出现的冰塞、冰坝等冰害的成因和特点,比较和总结了明渠冬季输水模式、冰盖形成模式和平封冰盖运行模式,并建议长距离明渠冬季输水采用以平封模式形成的水上浮动冰盖下输水的运行模式。最后从工程和管理两个方面总结提出冬季运行的安全措施。

Water transfer of long distance open-channel system in winter was divided into five stages. Characters of water delivery in winter and the trait and cause of ice jam and ice dam were analyzed and studied. Then a detailed summary and comparison of water delivery mode in winter, formation mode of ice cover and operation mode under a juxtaposed ice cover were carried out, and the mode of delivering water under a juxtaposed ice cover was recommended. At last safe measures of delivering water under a juxtaposed ice cover in winter were proposed from the aspects of engineering and management.