黄河上游梯级水库多目标水沙联合模拟优化调度模型

Multi-objective Joint Simulation and Optimization Operation Model of Water and Sediment for Cascade Reservoirs in the Upper Yellow River

黄河上游梯级水库群联合调度运行是实施黄河水沙"固-拦-调-放-挖"综合治理模式的一项重要非工程措施。以黄河上游沙漠宽谷河段为研究对象,首先,以河段输沙水量最大为优化目标,建立了基于自迭代模拟优化算法的黄河上游梯级水库多目标水沙联合模拟优化调度模型;其次,系统分析上游来水、沿黄用水、调水调沙时段及起调水位选取等因素对黄河上游梯级水库输沙、发电及供水等综合利用效益的影响;最后,推荐制定了黄河上游调水调沙最优方案,即丰水年应尽量抬高非汛期(4月)龙羊峡水库初始水位,最大程度上发挥黄河上游水资源综合利用效益。研究成果对维护黄河健康、丰富和完善梯级水库优化调度理论及方法、促进黄河上游水能资源综合开发利用具有十分重要的理论意义和应用价值。

The joint optimal operation of water and sediment for cascade reservoirs is an important non-engineering measure for carrying out the comprehensive water and sedimentation operation mode of sediment fixation, retaining, reservoir regulation, sediment discharge and excavation of the Yellow River. Therefore, choosing the desert strath reach upper the Yellow River as the research object,and putting the maximum of water requirement for sediment transport as optimization function, the multi-objective joint simulation and optimization operation model of water and sediment based on the self-iteration simulation and optimization algorithm for cascade reservoirs in the upper Yellow River was proposed in this paper. And then, the influence for the factors of upper runoff, water utilization,the selection of regulation time and water level to the water resources comprehensive utilization benefit development of sediment regulation, power generation and water supply for cascade reservoirs of the Yellow river was discussed. Finally, the optimal scheme of water and sediment joint operation in the upper Yellow River was proposed, which is suggesting that the water level at the beginning of non-flood season for the Longyangxia Reservoir should be raised for the water and sediment joint operation of cascade reservoirs, and it would be more favorable for improving the comprehensive water utilization benefits of Yellow River. The research achievements, which can supply scientific decision-making basis for ensuring the channel safety of Yellow River, would has an important theoretical and applicable guiding significance for developing the theoretical system of reservoir optimal operation and improving the water resources utilization benefits of the Yellow River.