大型风力机地震动力学响应及稳定性控制研究

Analysis of Seismic Dynamic Response and Stability Control for Large-Scale Wind Turbine

为保障极端复杂环境下风力机塔架的结构安全,以NREL 5 MW风力机为研究对象,基于开源软件FAST预留数据接口开发地震载荷计算模块,研究气动阻尼和地震对风力机结构响应的影响,并在机舱和基础平台安装调谐质量阻尼器(Tuned Mass Damper,TMD),对塔架的振动进行控制。结果表明:塔顶响应主要受地震载荷影响,气动载荷对其影响较小,且气动阻尼在一定程度上可以抑制塔架的动力响应,风-震耦合效应不可忽略;地震诱导塔架振动,安装TMD可有效减缓塔架振动和降低塔架弯矩,保证风力机的结构安全和运行稳定。TMD与结构质量比u=0.01,阻尼系数ξ=0.1时,减振控制效果最佳。

In order to guarantee the structure safety of the wind turbine tower in extremely complex environment,the NREL 5 MW wind turbine is selected as the research object.Based on data interface of the open source software FAST,a user-compiled Seismic module is developed to study the effects of aerodynamic damping and earthquake on the structural response of the wind turbine.The vibration of the tower is controlled by installing a tuned mass damper in the nacelle or platform.The results show that the tower response is mainly affected by the earthquake load,the aerodynamic load has little influence on it,and the aerodynamic damping can restrain the dynamic response of the tower.Therefore,the coupling of wind and earthquake is not negligible.Besides,earthquake will induce vibration of tower,and the TMD can effectively slow down the tower vibration and reduce the tower bending moment,which ensure the structural safety and stable operation of wind turbine.When mass ratio u is 0.015,damping coefficientξis 0.2,TMD has the best vibration reduction effect on tower top displacement.