黔油系列油菜新品种综合配套高产模式化栽培技术研究 Ⅰ.黔南地区油菜新品种黔油11号的高产栽培模式

Model of Comprehensive Set for High-yield Cultivating Techniques of Qianyou Rape VarietiesⅠ. Model of High-yield Cultivating Technique for Rape Qianyou 11 in Southern Guizhou

为探索黔油系列油菜新品种黔油11号在贵州黔南山区自然生态条件下的高产栽培技术模式,在贵定采取二次最优回归设计研究了黔油11号产量与主要栽培因素(密度、氮、磷、钾施用量)间的数量关系,并建立了产量指标与各因素之间的回归数学模型。明确了黔油11号在该地区获得180kg/667m2以上的高产配套栽培措施的优化组合是:密度为7301.60～7776.38株/667m2,纯N施用量为11.363～12.649kg/667m2,P2O5施用量为7.888～9.111kg/667m2,K2O施用量为21.001～22.465kg/667m2。N∶P2O5∶K2O的最佳配比为1.5∶1∶2.7。在黔南地区影响黔油11号产量的主要栽培因素是栽培密度,其次是氮肥,再次是磷肥和钾肥。

For seeking the model of highyield cultivating technique of rape Qianyou 11, quadratic regression design was used to study quantity relation between yield and main cultivating technique factors (the density and amount of N, P2O5, K2O applied) in southern Guizhou. According to the experimental datum, a mathematical model between the main factors and yield was established. And then the model clear that the suitable cultivating technique of the excellent combination for the highyield (more than 2700 kg/ha) were density 109524~116645.7 plants/ha, amounts of N:170.4~189.7 kg/ha, P2O5:118.3~136.7 kg/ha, K2O:315~337 kg/ha. The best ratio of N∶ P2O5∶ K2O≈1.5∶1∶2.7. Density is the most important factor for yield of Qianyou 11 and the amount of N, P2O5 and K2O the second in southern Guizhou.