我国独生子女身份义务观探析

On the Conceptions of Identity Duty of the Only Child

随着社会发展的不断深化,公民的身份角色日渐增多,对公民不同身份下所需履行的义务的要求也不断增加。独生子女也同样需要承担多样化的义务。对比研究显示,独生子女与'一般人'身份义务观存在很大差距。大多数独生子女并不知晓不同身份下自己应承担何种义务。在身份权利义务权衡方面,独生子女表现出对自己过分宽容,而对他人要求苛刻的状态,尽量逃避身份义务而单方面追求权利,造成权利义务的严重失衡。这既有个体原因也有社会不良舆论的原因。为此,独生子女的父母需要更新教育方式,加强独生子女责任义务观念的培养,使独生子女改变原有消极心态,主动担负社会、家庭义务。法律则在适度的范围内调整既有规范,引导独生子女积极履行身份义务。在法律、社会、家庭、个人的多方努力下,完善独生子女身份义务观。

Nowadays,the amount of identities and roles on each citizen is on the rise.The number of obligations needed to be done grows as well.The one-child as well have to undertake kinds of duties needed by society.When ask people what words would use to describe the one-child,they prefer using selfish,withdraw,misfit,the lack of responsibility and so on.In the mean time,people are seriously doubt the one-child's ability on fulfilling duties in family and society.Are there any problems with the one-child about understanding which obligations to bear under different roles?Results tell that the one-child show lots of differences comparing with common people in sense of obligation.Most of them don^know exactly what to do under certain identifications,some even don't realize they have never been juveniles anymore.In terms of selection between rights and obligations,they are rather than utilitarianism than altruism.When they have to make a choice between right and duty,with no hesitation,they all choose right.On one hand,with the overdue protection from their family,the one-child even don’t bother to perform their obligations.On the other hand,the public barely have good views towards the one-child,so that the one-child are more reluctant to perform well.With all reasons above,the one-child have no confidence on their behavior;they always doubt their views on everything.As a citizen,the one-child are more negative with public obligations than others.In company,they clearly lack of fiduciary duty,breaking the contract is not a big deal as they say.Being a husband or a wife,one can not realize it's his duty to do housework.In order to make up for these negative qualities,one of the most important matter is to improve ways of educating no matter in family or society areas,cultivating their conception of taking obligations.For the one-child themselves,trying hard to gain the initiative to enhance the ability of perform duties.Adjust the law in moderate degree,encourage the one-child abide by the law,carry out duties properly s think and behave in scope of law.Not all things could be legislated by laws;morals should appear when laws are incompetent.With all these efforts above,the one-child can adjust their conception about obligation before long.