论立法者-主权者视角下的现代西方人权问题

The Problems of Human Rights in Modern West: From the Perspective of Sovereign and Legislator

本文试图从立法者(建构与决断普遍理性法则的权威角色)与主权者(在例外状态中行动的至高权力角色)的视角,审视现代西方某些发达国家的人权实践。揭示其以特殊性置换普遍性、制造常规化例外状态的做派,恰恰对其所宣称要保护的人权构成威胁。在多元文化共存的全球化背景下,应对人权问题需要作为一名'阐释者',尊重、理解和沟通不同的人权观念与制度,如此才能真正推进人权建设。

This article is to make a research on the practice of human rights in some modern western countries from the perspective of legislator(the role who has authority to create universal rules)and sovereign(the role who functions in the state of exception);And thus reveals that these countries actually replace universality with particularity and create'regular'state of exception.This practice as above exactly threatens the human rights which are asserted by these countries to protect.Under the background of pluralism and globalization,the role as an'interpreter'is of importance to face up to the problems of human rights.It is necessary to respect,understand and communicate between different conception and institutions of human rights and only in this way can we effectively propel the construction of human rights.