论“以审判为中心”背景下的刑事指控体系的完善

The Perfection of Criminal Accusation System under the Background of the“Trial-Centered” Litigation System

形塑后的'以审判为中心'的诉讼格局大致会在以下方面发生一些变化:诉讼构造由线型结构向三角结构转变;侦查中心主义的修正;庭审实质化。'以审判为中心'目标的确立对审判、控诉和程序三个层面都带来了较大的挑战。就控诉面向而言,刑事指控工作面临传统指控优势减弱和诉讼业务质量要求提高的挑战。为应对挑战,刑事指控机关应从以下几个方面着手进行变革:应强化面向审判、服务审判的意识;应建立完美的证据体系;创新证据获取与补充系统;进一步完善审查起诉的听证程序;要更加关注量刑证据和量刑规范。刑事指控体系的构建还可以从恢复预审制度、完善人民监督员制度等方面着手进行考量。此外,要真正实现罚当其罪,刑事指控体系的改革和完善只是其中的一维。另外两维——审判与程序必须一同改革才能与指控形成三维互补和互动,才能真正地实现司法正义以及让人民感受到司法正义。

The shape of the trial-centered litigation pattern after the formation will generally change in the following aspects:the structure of litigation changing from linear structure to triangular structure;reconnaissance centralism;court substantive.The establishment of the'trial-centered'goal has brought greater challenges to trials,complaints and procedures.As far as the complaints are concerned,the criminal accusation work faces the challenge of weakening the traditional accusation and improving the quality of litigation services.In order to cope with the challenge,the criminal accusation agency should start to change from the following aspects:reinforce awareness of trials and service trials;a perfect evidence system should be established;innovating evidence acquisition and supplement system;further improving the hearing procedure for reviewing prosecution;paying more attention to sentencing evidence and sentencing specifications.The construction of the criminal accusation system can also be considered from the aspects of restoring the pre-trial system and improving the people’s supervisor system.In addition,to truly realize the penalty,the reform and improvement of the criminal accusation system is only one of them.The other two dimensions—trials and procedures must be reformed together to form a three-dimensional complementarity and interaction with the allegations,in order to truly achieve judicial justice and to make people feel judicial justice.